I would like to focus on the field of Interventional Radiology and malpractice that occurs in that field. As one of the articles I read puts it: Failure does not necessarily imply negligence because an error does not always translate into the presence of malpractice. Differentiation between complications (an accident or adverse reaction that aggravates the original disease), errors, and negligence (the failure to exercise a reasonable degree of care) is not simple and may be interpreted differently by the physician and patient or legal adviser (Carrafiello). It is important to differentiate between those two. Among the procedures, vascular injuries followed by injury due to needle biopsies were the commonest cause of lawsuits. The commonest body parts for diagnostic errors were the bones (Som Biswas). In IR, needles and catheters are often used in procedures and puncture risk is very high. To prove malpractice, there has to be evidence that a Radiologist has provided substandard care and caused the injury. It is difficult to prevent injuries like this to take place again, but one thing that I would implement is keeping track of the physicians who are causing those injuries. In my local hospital, I know a cardiologist and a orthopedic surgeon who were let go from their positions because they were causing too much harm to their patients. I would do the same and implement this method to make sure the same doctor is not making the same mistake over and over again.

Som Biswas, Srirupa Biswas, Sandeep Singh Awal, & Hitesh Goyal. (2023). Malpractice and lawsuits in radiology: what the radiologist should know. The Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, 54(1), 1–5. https://doi-org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.1186/s43055-023-00971-9

Carrafiello, G., Floridi, C., Pellegrino, C., Nocchi Cardim, L., Ierardi, A. M., & Fugazzola, C. (2012). Errors and Malpractice in Interventional Radiology. Seminars in Ultrasound, CT, and MRI, 33(4), 371–375. https://doi-org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.1053/j.sult.2012.01.008